Navy orders new supplies of anti-submarine sonobuoys for ocean surveying, tracking, and attack
PATUXENT RIVER NAS, Md., 17 July 2014. U.S. Navy anti-submarine warfare (ASW) experts are replenishing their supplies of air-launched sonobuoys with a variety of capabilities ranging from taking the temperature of ocean layers at different depths, to detonating submerged explosive charges.
Officials of the Naval Air Systems Command at Patuxent River Naval Air Station, Md., announced a $166 million contract Wednesday to ERAPSCO in Columbia City, Ind., to provide 141,263 AN/SSQ series sonobuoys and 5,000 MK-84 signal underwater sound devices, which are dropped from Navy fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters.
Sonobuoys enable Navy ASW forces to detect, track, and pinpoint potentially hostile submarines operating in the open ocean that could be threats to Navy carrier battle groups or other forces. Information from these systems can help enable precision attacks with air-launched torpedoes.
The AN/SQQ series of sonobuoys consists of the SSQ-36 bathythermograph (BT); SSQ-53 passive directional low frequency analyze and record (DIFAR); SSQ-62 directional command active sonobuoy system (DICASS); SSQ-101 air deployed active receiver (ADAR); SSQ-110 multi-static non-coherent source; and SSQ-125 multi-static coherent source.
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The AN/SSQ-36B provides vertical temperature profiles of the ocean layer for ASW and research, and used widely in ASW operations to evaluate local effects of seawater temperature on sonar propagation and acoustic range prediction.
The AN/SSQ-53F uses four hydrophones -- each one a multichannel directional piezoelectric ceramic transducer -- that operate at depths of 90, 200, 400, and 1,000 feet to listen for potentially hostile submerged enemy submarines. Aircraft can drop a pattern of sonobuoys, which relay information back to the aircraft by radio link, to determine the exact locations of enemy submarines.
The SSQ-53F has three sensors: a constant shallow omni (CSO), an advanced DIFAR sensor, and a calibrated wideband omni. The buoy digitally conditions and amplifies the acoustics and provides directional data that helps establish azimuthal bearing to the submarines being tracked.
The AN/SSQ-62E DICASS sonobuoy is for detecting and localizing submarines in preparation for attack. I can provide range and bearing to the target to fix position, and can support any of the four acoustic frequencies as selected via the Electronic Function Select.
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The AN/SSQ-101 ADAR sonobuoy provides a commandable passive search capability, and functions as the receiver in a multistatic active receiver system. The device uses a pentagon-shaped horizontally oriented pattern of hydrophones to detect and beamform underwater sound waves.
The AN/SSQ-110/A extended echo ranging (EER) sonobuoy operates on one of 31 selectable RF channels. Its upper section performs control functions and is similar to the AN/SSQ-62 DICASS sonobuoy. The lower section has two signal underwater sound (SUS) explosive payloads.
The AN/SSQ-125 sonobuoy is a source in a multistatic field, and can generate a variety of waveforms, and is designed to work with the AN/SSQ-53F, AN/SSQ-77C, and AN/SSQ-101 (ADAR) sonobuoys. The AN/SSQ-125’s RF channel can be programmed to any of the standard sonobuoy operating channels. At any time after deployment, the AN/SSQ-125 can be commanded to change its operating parameters or depth (deeper only), generate a ping, or scuttle.
The SUS MK-84 submarine communications device, meanwhile is an expendable electro-acoustic device that provides one-way acoustic communications with submarines, as well as simulating the drop of an ASW weapon during tactical exercises.
Related: Navy taps Undersea Sensor Systems for advanced submarine-hunting sonobuoys
It can transmit any of five pre-selected coded acoustic signals, each of which may convey a predetermined message to the submarine. Four of these signals consist of a continuous tone that alternates in frequency according to a timing sequence defined in a coded table.
ERAPSCO Inc operates as a joint venture between the Sparton Corp. Defense & Security segment in Le Leon Springs, Fla., and Ultra Electronics USSI in Columbia City, Ind. The company will the work on this contract in DeLeon Springs, Fla., and Columbia City, Ind., and should be finished by October 2019.
For more information contact ERAPSCO online at http://erapsco.com, Sparton Defense & Security at http://sparton.com, Ultra Electronics USSI at www.ultra-ussi.com, or Naval Air Systems Command at www.navair.navy.mil.
John Keller | Editor
John Keller is editor-in-chief of Military & Aerospace Electronics magazine, which provides extensive coverage and analysis of enabling electronic and optoelectronic technologies in military, space, and commercial aviation applications. A member of the Military & Aerospace Electronics staff since the magazine's founding in 1989, Mr. Keller took over as chief editor in 1995.
