Leidos pursues advanced signal processing and antennas for HF SIGINT research project
WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB, Ohio, 28 Sept. 2015. Signals intelligence (SIGINT) experts at Leidos Inc. in Reston, Va., are moving forward with an HF SIGINT project to develop technologies to detect and pinpoint high-frequency (HF) radar and communications systems anywhere in the world.
Officials of the U.S. Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA) in Washington announced an $18.7 million contract to Leidos on Friday for the second and third phases of the IARPA High Frequency Geolocation and Characterization (HFGeo) Advanced HF Signal Processing program.
Many RF signals, such as VHF and UHF, are relatively easy to locate because they travel only in straight lines, and cannot easily penetrate barriers such as tall buildings and mountain ranges. HF radio signals behave in a more complex manner and are much more difficult to locate.
HF radio waves not only follow line-of-sight paths, but they also bounce off of layers Earth's upper atmosphere called the ionosphere and come back to the Earth's surface where antennas tuned to HF frequencies -- roughly 2 to 30 MHz -- can pick them up.
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HF signals are particularly prone to interference because antennas literally can receive their signals from different directions and at different times because of the ionospheric bounce phenomenon. The ionosphere is ionized by solar radiation and helps propagate HF radio signals to distant locations, hence the long distances that shortwave and Ham HF radio signals can travel.
Awarding the contracts on behalf of IARPA were officials of the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio. IARPA is the research arm of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence in Washington.
The first phase of the HFGeo program focused on the ability to resolve multiple angles-of-arrival and polarization states through new antenna concepts; the ability to enhance signal-to-noise ratio and signal detection with multi-dimensional adaptive signal processing; and determining the dynamic state of the ionosphere.
The 18-month second phase includes a non-real-time field test of a prototype system and off-line signal processing. The 15-month third phase will involve real-time signal processing, and demonstration with field testing against realistic targets in realistic environments.
The IARPA HFGeo program seeks to geolocate and characterize HF emissions accurately. Ionospheric variation,high noise levels, and ionospheric polarization rotation, multipath induced signal fading, and simultaneous multiple angles-of-arrival.
IARPA officials are asking Leidos engineers to capitalize on advances in high-dynamic-range receivers, antenna techniques, adaptive signal processing, ionospheric ray path prediction, and improved measurement and modeling techniques to geolocate HF emitters around the world, as well as determine if these signals are involved with benign commercial activity, or are part of hostile communications and radar systems.
The goals of the IARPA HFGeo program include developing the ability to resolve several angles-of-arrival and polarization states accurately through novel antenna concepts; enhance signal-to-noise ratio and signal detection with multi-dimensional adaptive signal processing; determine the state of the ionosphere accurately; and integrate these technologies into geolocation and source characterization applications.
For more information contact Leidos online at www.leidos.com, IARPA at www.iarpa.gov, or the Air Force Research Laboratory at www.wpafb.af.mil/AFRL.
John Keller | Editor
John Keller is editor-in-chief of Military & Aerospace Electronics magazine, which provides extensive coverage and analysis of enabling electronic and optoelectronic technologies in military, space, and commercial aviation applications. A member of the Military & Aerospace Electronics staff since the magazine's founding in 1989, Mr. Keller took over as chief editor in 1995.
